Renal System Physiology Physioex

Exercise 9: Renal System Physiology: Activity 3: Renal Response to Altered Blood Pressure Lab ReportPre-lab Quiz ResultsYou scored 25% by answering 1 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. If all other variables are kept constant, how does the afferent arteriole radius affect the rate of glomerular filtration (select all that apply)? Your answer : b. A decreased afferent arteriole radius will increase the rate of glomerular filtration. Correct answer: c. An increased afferent arteriole radius will increase the rate of glomerular filtration. . A decreased afferent arteriole radius will decrease the rate of glomerular filtration. 2. If all other variables are kept constant, how does the efferent arteriole radius affect the rate of glomerular filtration (select all that apply)? Your answer : d. A decreased efferent arteriole radius will decrease the rate of glomerular filtration. Correct answer: a. An increased efferent arteriole radius will decrease the rate of glomerular filtration. b. A decreased efferent arteriole radius will increase the rate of glomerular filtration. 3. If all other variables are kept constant, how does blood pressure affect the rate of glomerular filtration (select all that apply)? Your answer : c. If blood pressure goes down, the rate of glomerular filtration goes up. Correct answer: b. If blood pressure goes up, the rate of glomerular filtration goes up. d. If blood pressure goes down, the rate of glomerular filtration goes down. 4. In the absence of other renal processes (including tubular reabsorption and secretion), more glomerular filtration leads to a larger urine volume.You correctly answered: a. trueExperiment ResultsPredict Question: Predict Question: What will happen to the glomerular capillary pressure rate and glomerular filtration rate if both of these arteriole radii changes are implemented simultaneously with the low blood pressure condition?Your answer : b. Glomerular filtration rate and pressure will rise above baseline values.Stop & Think Questions:If blood pressure were to drop (for example, as the result of blood loss), what changes in the nephron would allow the kidney to maintain ts normal glomerular filtration rate (select all that apply)?Your answer: c. afferent arteriole constrictionCorrect answer: a. afferent arteriole dilation d. efferent arteriole constriction2. Comparing the glomerular filtration rate and glomerular capillary pressure with the baseline values (from the first run), how effective was the increased afferent arteriole radius in compensating for the low blood pressure?Your answer : b. The afferent arteriole dilation improved the low glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate marginally.Correct answer: c. The afferent arteriole dilation returned the low glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate almost to baseline values.3. Comparing the glomerular filtration rate and glomerular capillary pressure with the baseline values (from the first run), how effective was the decreased efferent arteriole radius in compensating for the low blood pressure?You correctly answered: b. The efferent arteriole constriction improved the low glomerular capillary pressure and filtration rate marginally.Experiment Data:Post-lab Quiz ResultsYou scored 0% by answering 0 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. If all other variables are kept constant, when blood pressure decreases, glomerular filtrationYour answer: b. remains approximately the same.Correct answer: c. ecreases.2. If afferent arteriole radius decreases in response to an increase in blood pressure, then glomerular filtrationYour answer: a. increases.Correct answer: b. remains approximately the same.3. If all other variables are kept constant, when the efferent arteriole radius decreases, glomerular filtrationYour answer: c. decreases.Correct answer: a. increases.4. With blood pressure held at a constant value, which of the following combinations will raise the glomerular filtration rate above baseline values? Your answer: c. afferent rteriole constriction and efferent arteriole constrictionCorrect answer: b. afferent arteriole dilation and efferent arteriole constrictionReview Sheet Results1. List the several mechanisms you have explored that change the glomerular filtration rate. How does each mechanism specifically alter the glomerular filtration rate?Your answer: Renal mechanisms have effects on water excretion . GFR is large compared to the amount of urine produced. Most water in the filtrate because of renal processes and independent of ADH action2.Describe and explain what happened to the glomerular capillary pressure and glomerular filtration rate when both arteriole radii changes were implemented simultaneously with the low blood pressure condition. How well did the results compare with your prediction?Your answer: The simultaneously implementation of both arteriole rates changing caused glomerular filtration rate and low blood pressure conditions went above the baseline value.3. How could you adjust the afferent or efferent radius to compensate for the effect of reduced blood pressure on the glomerular filtration rate?Your answer: You can co nstrict or dilate them.4. Which arteriole radius adjustment was more effective at compensating for the effect of low blood pressure on the glomerular filtration rate? Explain why you think this difference occurs.Your answer: There was a greater increase of glomerular pressure when afferent radius is increased ra ther than the decrease of the efferent radius.5. In the body, how does a nephron maintain a near-constant glomerular filtration rate despite a constantly fluctuating blood pressure?Your answer: Auto-regulation